Drive System Planning for a Two-Wheeled Electric Vehicle Using a BLDC Motor with a 130 Kg Load

Abstract

The goal of this research is to develop an environmentally friendly, efficient, two-wheeled electric vehicle that can reduce carbon emissions. The Brushless DC (BLDC) motor was chosen as the main drive due to its high efficiency, minimal maintenance, and optimal performance for lightweight vehicles. A key challenge in this study was determining the appropriate motor power and torque to allow the vehicle to operate with a total load of 130 kg on both flat roads and inclines. The research method uses a quantitative approach, starting with an analysis of vehicle dynamics. The calculations include rolling resistance, aerodynamic drag, grade force, acceleration force, wheel torque, and wheel power. These calculations were then used to determine the suitable BLDC motor specifications. Testing was conducted both statically and dynamically on flat roads, inclines, and through endurance trials with a 130 kg load. The results show that a BM1418ZXF BLDC motor with 1000 Watts of power and a nominal torque of 3.5 Nm can optimally drive the vehicle with a total load of 130 kg. Although the research methodology included formulas for gear ratio analysis, the motor was selected based on direct power requirements without applying a transmission system calculation, which led to higher procurement costs. The vehicle dynamics analysis method has proven effective in designing the BLDC motor drive system. However, the study would be more complete if it included a transmission system analysis to improve cost efficiency and overall performance.