The Impact Analysis of 20 kV Network Reconfiguration on the Android–Pinang Feeder: Voltage Profile and Power Losses Assessment Using DigSILENT PowerFactory

Abstract

The rapid increase in electrical energy demand in Indonesia compels PT PLN (Persero) to continuously maintain the quality and reliability of its distribution systems. PT PLN ULP Rimbo Bujang faces significant challenges regarding severe voltage drops and high technical losses on the 20 kV Medium Voltage Network (JTM) of the Android Feeder. This condition is primarily driven by the long distance between the load center and the Muara Bungo Substation, a total network length of 121 km, and bottlenecks caused by non-uniform conductor cross-sections (70 mm² and 150 mm²) within a radial configuration. This study aims to analyze the impact of power quality improvement efforts conducted by ULP Rimbo Bujang through network reconfiguration and operational pattern adjustments. The simulated interventions include: (1) transferring the power supply from the Muara Bungo Substation to the Sungai Rumbai Substation, effectively reducing the network length by 20 km; (2) upgrading conductors to A3CS 150 mm²; and (3) constructing a new Express Feeder to bifurcate the Android Feeder's load, partially transferring it to the Pinang Feeder. Simulations and analyses were performed using DIgSILENT PowerFactory software to compare end-point voltage and power losses before and after the operational changes. The simulation results demonstrate an increase in end-point voltage on the Android Feeder and a significant reduction in technical losses. These findings provide clear technical recommendations regarding the effectiveness of reconfiguration in maintaining voltage reliability standards as per SPLN No. 72 of 1987 and minimizing energy losses.